Why Does My Dog Have Diarrhea? Common Causes and How to Help

If your dog has diarrhea, it can be stressful for both of you. While occasional soft stools are common, persistent or severe diarrhea can indicate underlying health problems that need attention. Understanding the common causes can help you determine when to seek veterinary care and how to support your dog’s recovery. Read on to learn why your dog might be experiencing diarrhea and what steps to take.

Common Causes of Dog Diarrhea

Dietary Changes or Intolerances

Sudden changes in diet, eating spoiled food, or food allergies can upset your dog’s digestive system, leading to diarrhea. Overfeeding or giving table scraps also increases risk of diarrhea in dogs.

Parasites

Intestinal parasites like hookworms, roundworms, giardia, or coccidia can cause diarrhea. These are common in puppies and outdoor dogs and require veterinary treatment.

Bacterial or Viral Infections

Contaminated food, water, or environments can expose your dog to bacteria (like Salmonella) or viruses that cause gastrointestinal upset.

Stress or Anxiety

Changes in environment, travel, or stressful situations can trigger gastrointestinal problems and diarrhea in sensitive dogs.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Chronic gastrointestinal inflammation or other underlying health issues can lead to ongoing diarrhea that requires specialized treatment.

Medications or Toxins

Certain medications or ingestion of toxins/substances harmful to dogs can cause gastrointestinal distress.

Signs to Watch For with Diarrhea

  • Frequent watery or soft stools
  • Blood or mucus in stool
  • Vomiting
  • Lethargy or loss of appetite
  • Dehydration (dry gums, sunken eyes)
  • Weakness

When to See a Veterinarian for Dog Diarrhea

If your dog’s diarrhea persists for more than 24-48 hours, is accompanied by vomiting, blood, or dehydration signs, or if your dog appears very lethargic, seek veterinary care promptly. Persistent diarrhea can lead to dehydration and other serious health issues.

How to Help Your Dog

  • Fasting and Hydration: Temporarily withhold food (not water) for 12-24 hours, then gradually reintroduce a bland diet.
  • Bland Diet: Feed easily digestible foods like boiled chicken and rice, or vet-recommended gastrointestinal diets.
  • Ensure Hydration: Provide plenty of fresh water to prevent dehydration.
  • Monitor: Keep an eye on stool frequency, consistency, and any additional symptoms.
  • Veterinary Treatments: Your vet may prescribe medications, probiotics, or other therapies based on diagnosis.

Preventive Tips

  • Avoid sudden diet changes.
  • Keep food and water bowls clean.
  • Regular deworming and parasite prevention.
  • Avoid giving your dog human food that may be toxic.
  • Minimize stress and sudden environmental changes.
  • Routine veterinary checkups.

Resources and Further Reading

For more comprehensive information, check out these veterinary university resources:

Conclusion

Prolonged or severe diarrhea in dogs should never be ignored. While mild cases often resolve with supportive care, persistent diarrhea or additional symptoms require veterinary evaluation. Early intervention can prevent dehydration and secondary complications, helping your dog recover quickly and comfortably.

If your dog’s diarrhea continues or worsens, consult your veterinarian promptly for diagnosis and treatment.

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